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Direct variation means that changes in x will result to changes in y. If x increase, y also increases and vice versa.

y = kx
k = y / x

y = 45 ; x = 40

k = 45/40 
k = 1.125

y = 1.125x 

y will increase by 1.125 interval of x. 

Answer:

an equation that relates x and y :

y = 1.125x

Step-by-step explanation:

The direct variation says that:

\(y \propto x\)

then equation is of the form:

\(y = kx\) where k is the constant of variation.

As per the statement:

The variables x and y vary directly.

then by definition we have;

\(y = kx\)                .....[1]

Given that: y = 45 and x = 40

Substitute these in [1] to solve for k;

\(45=40k\)

Divide both sides by 40 we have;

\(1.125 = k\)

Therefore, an equation that relates x and y :

y = 1.125x

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