how many sodium atoms are in 0.1310 g of sodium
To convert grams to atoms, we first need to find the moles and then multiply by Avogadro's constant.
0.1310 g (1 mol/22.99 g) (6.02210^23 atom/1 mol) = 3.431 10^21 atoms.
\(\boxed{{\text{3}}{\text{.43}}\times{\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{ atoms}}}\) of sodium are present in 0.1310 g of sodium.
Further Explanation:
Mole is a measure of the amount of substance. It is defined as the mass of a substance that has the same number of fundamental units as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon-12. Such fundamental units can be atoms, molecules or formula units.
Avogadro’s number is the number of units that are present in one mole of substance. Its value is equal to \({\text{6}}{\text{.022}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}\;{\text{units}}\) per mole of substance. These units can be electrons, atoms, molecules or ions.
The formula to calculate the moles of sodium is as follows:
\({\text{Moles of sodium}}=\dfrac{{{\text{Given mass of sodium}}}}{{{\text{Molar mass of sodium}}}}\) ......(1)
The given mass of sodium is 0.1310 g.
The molar mass of sodium is 22.9897 g/mol.
Substitute these values in equation (1).
\(\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of sodium}}&=\left({{\text{0}}{\text{.1310 g}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{\text{1 mol}}}}{{{\text{22}}{\text{.9897 g}}}}}\right)\\&={\text{0}}{\text{.005698204 mol}}\\&\approx {\text{0}}{\text{.0057 mol}}\\\end{aligned}\)
The number of sodium atoms is calculated as follows:
\({\text{Atoms of sodium}}=\left({{\text{Moles of sodium}}} \right)\left({{\text{Avogadro's Number}}}\right)\) ......(2)
The moles of sodium is 0.005698204 mol.
The value of Avogadro’s number is \({\text{6}}{\text{.022}} \times{\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}\;{\text{atoms}}\).
Substitute these values in equation (2).
\(\begin{aligned}{\text{Number of atoms of sodium}}{\mathbf&{ = }}\left( {{\text{0}}{\text{.005698204 mol}}}\right)\left({\frac{{{\text{6}}{\text{.022}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{23}}}}{\text{ atoms}}}}{{{\text{1 mol}}}}}\right)\\&={\text{3}}{\text{.43145}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{ atoms}}\\&\approx {\text{3}}{\text{.43}}\times {\text{1}}{{\text{0}}^{{\text{21}}}}{\text{atoms}}\\\end{aligned}\)
Therefore, the number of atoms of sodium is \({\mathbf{3}}{\mathbf{.43 \times 1}}{{\mathbf{0}}^{{\mathbf{21}}}}{\mathbf{ atoms}}\) .
Learn more:
1. Calculate the moles of chlorine in 8 moles of carbon tetrachloride: https://brainly.com/question/3064603
2. Calculate the moles of ions in the solution: https://brainly.com/question/5950133
Answer details:
Grade: Senior School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Mole concept
Keywords: sodium, atom, molecules, 0.1310 g, mole, Avogadro’s number, molar mass, given mass of sodium, 0.005698204 mol, 22.9897 g/mol, 12 g, carbon-12, amount of substance, electrons, atoms, molecules.
