Verified Answer :
1. Answer;
C. phenotypes
Explanation;
- Natural selection refers to the process in which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to reproduce and thus they pass on these traits to the next generation and over time these organisms adapt to their environment.
- Natural selection acts on the phenotype of an organism, also known as the observable traits.
- Phenotype is a product of the genotype and partially by the environment. The phenotype by certain alleles helps organisms adapt and thus reproduce better than others.
2. Answer;
A. The population is evolving
Explanation;
- Allele frequency refers to the number of times a given allele occurs on the genetic locus in a given population. Allele frequency describes the fraction of gene copies of a specific allele in a defined population.
- Allele frequency shows the genetic diversity of species population. Changes in allele frequency occurs as a result of forces of evolution such as mutations, natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift.
- Therefore, an increase in the allele frequency for red fur gene of fox population shows that the fox population is evolving.
3. Answer;
c) No changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
Sexual reproduction among members of a population results in no changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
Explanation;
- Allele frequency is the number of times that an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of alleles in that pool for the same gene. It shows the genetic diversity of species population.
- Changes in allele frequency occurs as a result of forces of evolution such as mutations, natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift.
- Sexual reproduction combines alleles from different parents to produce offspring with different genotypes than the parents. However, sexual reproduction among members of a population results in no changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
4. Answer;
Crossing over
Genetic recombination includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as crossing over.
Explanation;
- Genetic recombination occurs when molecules of DNA exchange pieces of their genetic material with each other.
- Genetic recombination mostly occurs during sexual reproduction, during prophase I of meiosis, when homologous chromosomes line up in pairs and exchange segments of DNA.
- Crossing over is the exchange of segments of chromosomes between non-sister chromatids during meiosis. This process results in new combinations of genes in the gametes from each parent and thus contributing to genetic diversity among organisms.
- Natural selection acts directly on the phenotype.
- In a fox population, the allele frequency of a gene for red fur changes from 20 percent to 30 percent. The population is not evolving.
- Sexual reproduction among members of a population results in no changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
- Genetic Recombination includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as crossing-over.
Further Explanation:
Natural selection refers to the process in which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to reproduce and thus, they pass on these traits to the next generation and over time, these organisms adapt to their environment. Natural selection acts on the phenotype of an organism, also known as the observable traits.
Allele frequency shows the genetic diversity of the species population. Changes in allele frequency occur as a result of forces of evolution such as mutations, natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift. Therefore, an increase in the allele frequency for the red fur gene of the fox population shows that the fox population is evolving.
Sexual reproduction among members of a population results in no changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
Allele frequency is the number of times that an allele occurs in a gene pool compared with the number of alleles in that pool for the same gene. It shows the genetic diversity of the species population. Changes in allele frequency occur as a result of forces of evolution such as mutations, natural selection, gene flow and genetic drift.
Sexual reproduction combines alleles from different parents to produce offspring with different genotypes than parents. However, sexual reproduction among members of a population results in no changes in the allele frequencies in the gene pool.
Genetic Recombination includes the independent movement of chromosomes during meiosis as well as crossing over. Genetic Recombination occurs when molecules of DNA exchange pieces of their genetic material with each other. Genetic Recombination mostly occurs during sexual reproduction, during prophase I of meiosis, when homologous chromosomes line up in pairs and exchange segments of DNA.
Crossing over is the exchange of segments of chromosomes between non-sister chromatids during meiosis. This process results in new combinations of genes in the gametes from each parent and thus contributing to genetic diversity among organisms.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Topic: Ecology
Keywords:
Crossing over, genetic Recombination, allelic frequency, DNA, meiosis, Chromosome, exchange, segment, prophase.