Historically, in the early to middle 1900’s, households that had a telephone in their home were considered to earn an above average annual income.


In 1948, pollsters famously predicted that Dewey would beat Truman for the presidency because Dewey was ahead in telephone polls. What bias led them to make the wrong prediction?

AThey only called on Tuesdays

BMany people did not have telephones

CThey worded the question to favor Dewey

DTruman supports would hang up