The correct answer is C. Twelfth century.
Sufi orders began to be formed in the 12th century. Sufism was termed as the islamic mysticism which represented the central crystallization, main manifestation and most important the mystical practice in Islam.
Sufis were the practitioners of sufism. Most of the original precepts of sufi orders were being traced from Muhammad.
After the invasion of Mongol is when the sufism experienced their golden age. Sufism in today life is being practiced in Sudan and Pakistan.
Some of the sufism rituals involved endurances, rhythm, repetition, singing, and dancing.
