The answer is E) In their political engagement were the roots of democracy.
Contrary to what many people think, the Greek city-states such as Sparta, Trojan or Athens developed independent of one another.
They had their own economy, trading rules, taxation, and even military. In fact, many of these city-states often experienced conflict with one another.
However, this small sized cities were ruled by all accounts as states, which helped to develop governance, democracy and rule of law.
