Answer: B) water molecule has a bent shape.
Explanation: Water is a covalent compound formed by sharing of electrons between hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is more electronegative as compared to hydrogen and thus attracts the electron pairs towards itself and thus is polar.
Hybridization and shape of \(H_2O\)
\(:{\text{Number of electrons}} =\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]\)
where, V = number of valence electrons present in central atom i.e. oxygen = 6
N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom=32
C = charge of cation = 0
A = charge of anion = 0
\({\text{Number of electrons}} =\frac{1}{2}[6+2-0+0]=4\)
The number of electrons is 4 that means the hybridization will be \(sp^3\) and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.
But as there are two atoms around the central oxygen, the third and fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons. The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be bent.
