Answer: Option (c) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Valance means the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an element.
Valence of an element or radical also depends on the negative or positive charges on the ions.
For example, an atom of Na (sodium) has 11 electrons whereas \(Na^{+}\) ion will have only 10 electrons.
When there is a positive charge on an ion then we subtract the respective number of electrons. Whereas when there is negative charge on an ion then we will add the respective number of electrons.
