A counterclaim is a reason someone disagrees with a position. Option A is correct.
Counterclaim is denined as a statement that someone makes in response to a statement that has been made by someone else, and that is different from it.
In terms of essays, counterclaims are understood to be the opposite of the argument, or the opposing argument that will be develope with examples that support it in order to prove that this point of view or position is correct in opposition to another one.
