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Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment to ________.


Asupport the law of conservation of mass
Bconfirm that atoms have a nucleus
Cconfirm the plum pudding model
Dsupport the law of conservation of energy

Verified Answer :

ardni313

Rutherford atomic experiment confirms that atoms have a nucleus (answer B)

Further explanation

Rutherford experimented with scattering alpha light on a thin plate of gold. This experiment is based on the discovery of alpha particles that can penetrate the sheet of paper because it has a large penetrating power.

If these alpha particles are fired on a very thin gold plate, most of the particles are continued and some are deflected

From this experiment, it can be concluded that

1. The atom is not a solid ball that is positively charged as stated by the Thompson but consists of a vacuum

2. Inside the gold, there are very small positively charged particles that make up the atomic nucleus

So because only very few alpha particles are deflected, the core size is smaller than the size of the atom as a whole

So that came the Rutherford atomic model which states that atoms consist of nuclei that are small and positively charged and surrounded by negatively charged electrons

So this Rutherford atomic experiment confirms that atoms have a nucleus (answer B)

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View image ardni313

Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment to \(\boxed{{\text{B) confirm that atoms have a nucleus}}}\).


Further Explanation:

Rutherford’s experiment:

Rutherford's experiment makes use of alpha particles that are emitted from radioactive elements. These have the ability to demonstrate the structure of the atom. This model was devised in order to overcome the drawbacks of Thomson’s plum pudding model.


Postulates:

1. The positive charge in an atom is concerned in a very small volume of the atom. Most of its mass is concentrated in a very small region of the atom and this region is known as the nucleus of the atom. It forms the central part of the atom.

2. The negatively charged particles or electrons revolve in a circular path around the atomic nucleus. This circular path is called orbit.

3. A very strong electrostatic force of attraction holds together the negatively charged electrons revolving around the nucleus positively charged concentrated in the nucleus.


Limitations:

1. No description of the distribution of electrons in orbits was given.

2. Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetic radiation was not explained by this model.

3. It failed to explain the stability of an atom.


Therefore Rutherford experiment confirmed that atoms have a nucleus.


Learn more:

1. The major contribution of Antoine Lavoisier to chemistry: https://brainly.com/question/2500879

2. Example of physical change: https://brainly.com/question/1119909


Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Atomic Structure


Keywords: Rutherford, atom, volume, nucleus, orbit, postulates, limitations, Maxwell, electromagnetic radiations, distribution of electrons, stability of atom.

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