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Which of the following is an example of a human-caused disturbance to an ecosystem?

AA tsunami destroys a coastal forest and causes flooding.
BA river is diverted to irrigate farmlands during a drought.
CAfter a volcanic eruption, global average temperature lower.
DThe snow cover of a region grows and shrinks throughout the year.

Verified Answer :

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B) A river is diverted to irrigate farmlands during a drought is an example of a human-caused disturbance to an ecosystem.

FURTHER EXPLANATION

A) A tsunami destroys a coastal forest and causes flooding.

FALSE A tsunami is a natural occurrence. It is a result of underwater earthquakes, landslides, or meteorite impacts that shakes and disturbs the ocean water violently. While human activity can contribute to landslides, the movement of tectonic plates is still largely beyond human control or influence.

B) A river is diverted to irrigate farmlands during a drought.

TRUE Irrigation provides water in controlled amounts for the growth of agricultural crops. Having an irrigation system during a drought is beneficial since the water is delivered to crops in a manner and pattern that is deemed most efficient for plant growth. Diverting the water from rivers to farmlands is definitely a human-caused disturbance to the ecosystem. Areas where the river used to flow will have organisms that are dependent on plentiful water supply. When the water no longer flows to that area, plants and animals that  are reliant on the river will have to search for a new water supply or will simply dry up due to absence or lack of sufficient water.

C) After a volcanic eruption, global average temperature lowers.

FALSE. As with tsunamis, volcanic eruptions are beyond human influence. Volcanic eruptions result from the build up of gas pressure inside the volcano. Increased gas pressure may propel magma to the surface or cause it to flow quietly as lava on the sides of the volcano.

D) The snow cover of a region grows and shrinks throughout the year.

FALSE. Snow cover melting and growing results from the variations in temperature throughout the year and is a natural occurrence. Humans may have an indirect effect on the melting of snow cover, but growing and shrinking of snow cover still largely remains as something directly related to the global temperatures.

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Keywords: irrigation, ecosystem, disturbance

A river diverted to irrigate farmlands during a drought(B) is an example of a human-caused disturbance to an ecosystem.


Further Explanation:

A Tsunami is a natural phenomenon which does not include any human intervention. A Tsunami is caused by underwater earthquakeswhich creates violent disturbances in the ocean. Even if landslides can occur due to human actions, the movement of tectonic plates is not at all in control of humans.

Volcanic eruptions are the result of increased pressure inside the volcanic mountains due to gaseous buildup. Increased pressure inside the mountains pushes out the magma outside in form of eruptions. This does not involve human activities.

The growth and shrink of snow cover area nature mediated process and human intervention cannot be included as a factor of the same.

The natural flow of river can be manipulated, and the river can be diverted to irrigate farmlands during a drought. The water from the river can be forced towards the farms and crop fields. This human intervened action can cause disturbance in the ecosystems.

Thus, a river diverted to irrigate farm lands during a drought is an example of human caused disturbance to an ecosystem.


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Answer Details:

Grade: Middle School

Subject: Biology

Chapter: Ecosystem


Keywords:

Tsunami, tectonic plates, earthquake, ocean currents, landslides, human intervention, volcanic eruptions, pressure buildup, magma, drought, ecosystem

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